Concept:CaseSensitivity

Although symbols themselves are case-sensitive (you can create uppercase and lowercase symbols via string->symbol), by R5RS the standard required the reader to effectively fold the cases when it is reading symbol, so that 'a and 'A are treated as eq?

Almost all active implementations, however, have a switch to choose case-sensitiveness of the symbol reader. Furthermore, more and more recent implementations seem to adopt case-sensitive reader by default.

Here's a list of implementations and their default case sensitivity ('S' for sensitive, 'I' for insensitive), and whether they have an option to switch. (If you want to add or correct entries, please go ahead.)

Implementation default option?
Bigloo S yes (option -fcase-insensitive)
ChezScheme S yes (parameter case-sensitive)
Chicken S yes (compiler command line option)
Cyclone S no
Elk S yes (command line)
Gambit S yes (command line / readtable)
Gauche S yes (command line -fcase-fold)
Guile S yes (reader option)
Ikarus S no?
Kawa S yes (variable symbol-read-case)
Larceny S yes (command line switches, parameter, per-port flags)
LispMe I yes (settings dialog)
MIT-Scheme I yes (variable *parser-canonicalize-symbols?*)
PLT-Scheme S yes (parameter read-case-sensitive, per-expression prefix #cs and #ci)
Pocket-Scheme I* no
RScheme S ?
Scheme48 I no
SCM I no
Scsh S no?
SigScheme S no?
SISC I yes (parameter case-sensitive)
Stalin I no
STklos S yes (command line and directive #!no-fold-case)
TinyScheme I no

(* Pocket Scheme: only folds case between U+0000 - U+00FF)

(* STklos: was case insensitive; with 1.40 it became case sensitive by default)