Project Euler

GaucheでProject Eulerを解いてみよう

問題1から31まで解きました(gemma(2008/03/31 19:25:20 PDT)

(use srfi-1)
(use util.stream)
(use math.mt-random)
(use util.combinations)
(use gauche.sequence)

n以下の素数のリストを返す関数(エラトステネスの篩)

(define (primes n)
  (if (<= n 2)
    '()
    (let loop ((l (unfold (cut > <> n) values (cut + <> 2) 3))
               (prime-list '(2)))
      (let1 m (car l)
        (if (> (expt m 2) n)
          (append (reverse prime-list) l)
          (loop (remove (lambda (x) (zero? (modulo x m))) l) (cons m prime-list)))))))

素数のリストをもらってnを素因数分解する関数

(define (factorize n primes-l)
  (map (lambda (x)
         (list x (let loop ((n n)
                            (c 0))
                   (if (not (zero? (modulo n x)))
                     c
                     (loop (quotient n x) (+ c 1))))))
       (filter (lambda (x) (and (<= x n) (zero? (modulo n x)))) primes-l)))

約数の和

(define (sum-of-divisor n primes-l)
  (mul (map (lambda (l)
              (sum (map (cut expt (car l) <>)
                        (iota (+ (cadr l) 1)))))
            (factorize n primes-l))))

フィボナッチ数列無限ストリーム

(define (fibonacci t1 t2)
  (define (fibgen a b)
    (stream-delay (stream-cons a (fibgen b (+ a b)))))
  (fibgen t1 t2))

数をリストにする 65536 -> (6 5 5 3 6)

(define (integer->list n)
  (cons (modulo n 10)
        (if (< n 10)
          '()
          (integer->list (quotient n 10)))))

リストの総和・総乗

(define (sum l)
  (fold + 0 l))

(define (mul l)
  (fold * 1 l))

解答

(define (euler1)
  (sum (filter (lambda (x) (or (zero? (modulo x 3)) (zero? (modulo x 5))))
               (iota 1000))))
(define (euler2)
  (sum (stream->list (stream-filter even? (stream-take-while (cut < <> 4000000) (fibonacci 1 2))))))
(define (euler3)
  ;;underの大きさは問題に応じて適当に調整してください。問題の数の素因数が全てunder以下なら解けます。
  (define under 10000)
  ;;under以下の数をO(1)で素数判定するためのベクタ
  (define under-vec (let ((v (make-vector under #f)))
                      (for-each (cut vector-set! v <> #t)
                                ;;under以下の素数のリスト
                                (primes under))
                      v))  
  (define (prime-under? n)
    (and (< n under) (vector-ref under-vec n)))
  
  (define mt (make <mersenne-twister> :seed (sys-time)))
  
  ;;ポラード・ロー素因数分解法
  (define (p n)
    (let loop ((d 1))
      (cond 
       ((= d 1) (let ((x (mt-random-integer mt n))
                      (y (mt-random-integer mt n)))
                  (loop (gcd (abs (- x y)) n))))
       ((= d n) #f)
       (else d))))

  (define (factorize n)
    (let loop ((n n)
               (l '())
               (failed 0))
      (if (prime-under? n)
        ;;成功。素因数のリストを返す。
        (cons n l)
        (if (> failed 5)
          ;;あきらめる。
          #f
          (let1 a (p n)
            (if a
              (loop (quotient n a) (cons a l) 0)
              (loop n l (+ failed 1))))))))

  (and-let* ((a (factorize 600851475143)))
    (apply max a)))
(define (euler4)
  (define result '(0 0 0))
  (for-each (lambda (x)
              (for-each (lambda (y)
                          (and-let* ((z (* x y))
                                     ((< (car result) z))
                                     (zl (integer->list z))
                                     (zr (reverse zl))
                                     ((every = zl zr)))
                            (set! result (list z x y))))
                        (iota (- x 99) 100)))
            (iota 900 100))
  result)
(define (euler5)
  (lcm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20))
(define (euler6)
  (let ((l (iota 100 1))
        (expt2 (cut expt <> 2)))
    (- (expt2 (sum l))
       (sum (map expt2 l)))))
(define (euler7)
  (list-ref (primes 105000) (- 10001 1)))
(define (euler8)
  (let1 l (integer->list 7316717653133062491922511967442657474235534919493496983520312774506326239578318016984801869478851843858615607891129494954595017379583319528532088055111254069874715852386305071569329096329522744304355766896648950445244523161731856403098711121722383113622298934233803081353362766142828064444866452387493035890729629049156044077239071381051585930796086670172427121883998797908792274921901699720888093776657273330010533678812202354218097512545405947522435258490771167055601360483958644670632441572215539753697817977846174064955149290862569321978468622482839722413756570560574902614079729686524145351004748216637048440319989000889524345065854122758866688116427171479924442928230863465674813919123162824586178664583591245665294765456828489128831426076900422421902267105562632111110937054421750694165896040807198403850962455444362981230987879927244284909188845801561660979191338754992005240636899125607176060588611646710940507754100225698315520005593572972571636269561882670428252483600823257530420752963450)
    (apply max (map * l (cdr l) (cddr l) (cdddr l) (cddddr l)))))
(define (euler9)
  (any (lambda (c)
         (any (lambda (b)
                (any (lambda (a)
                       (and (= (+ a b c) 1000)
                            (= (+ (* a a) (* b b)) (* c c))
                            (* a b c)))
                     (iota (- b 1) 1)))
              (iota (- c 1) 1)))
       (iota 500 1)))
(define (euler10)
  (sum (primes 2000000)))
(define (euler11)
  (define problem '#(08 02 22 97 38 15 00 40 00 75 04 05 07 78 52 12 50 77 91 08
                     49 49 99 40 17 81 18 57 60 87 17 40 98 43 69 48 04 56 62 00
                     81 49 31 73 55 79 14 29 93 71 40 67 53 88 30 03 49 13 36 65
                     52 70 95 23 04 60 11 42 69 24 68 56 01 32 56 71 37 02 36 91
                     22 31 16 71 51 67 63 89 41 92 36 54 22 40 40 28 66 33 13 80
                     24 47 32 60 99 03 45 02 44 75 33 53 78 36 84 20 35 17 12 50
                     32 98 81 28 64 23 67 10 26 38 40 67 59 54 70 66 18 38 64 70
                     67 26 20 68 02 62 12 20 95 63 94 39 63 08 40 91 66 49 94 21
                     24 55 58 05 66 73 99 26 97 17 78 78 96 83 14 88 34 89 63 72
                     21 36 23 09 75 00 76 44 20 45 35 14 00 61 33 97 34 31 33 95
                     78 17 53 28 22 75 31 67 15 94 03 80 04 62 16 14 09 53 56 92
                     16 39 05 42 96 35 31 47 55 58 88 24 00 17 54 24 36 29 85 57
                     86 56 00 48 35 71 89 07 05 44 44 37 44 60 21 58 51 54 17 58
                     19 80 81 68 05 94 47 69 28 73 92 13 86 52 17 77 04 89 55 40
                     04 52 08 83 97 35 99 16 07 97 57 32 16 26 26 79 33 27 98 66
                     88 36 68 87 57 62 20 72 03 46 33 67 46 55 12 32 63 93 53 69
                     04 42 16 73 38 25 39 11 24 94 72 18 08 46 29 32 40 62 76 36
                     20 69 36 41 72 30 23 88 34 62 99 69 82 67 59 85 74 04 36 16
                     20 73 35 29 78 31 90 01 74 31 49 71 48 86 81 16 23 57 05 54
                     01 70 54 71 83 51 54 69 16 92 33 48 61 43 52 01 89 19 67 48))
  (define n 20)
  (apply max (append-map (lambda (l1 l2 l3)
                           (append-map (lambda (z)
                                         (map (lambda (x)
                                                (mul (map (lambda (y)
                                                            (vector-ref problem (+ x y z)))
                                                          l1)))
                                              l2))
                                       l3))
                         (list (iota 4) (iota 4 0 n) (iota 4 0 (+ n 1)) (iota 4 0 (- n 1)))
                         (list (iota (- n 3)) (iota n) (iota (- n 3)) (iota (- n 3) 3))
                         (list (iota n 0 n) (iota (- n 3) 0 n) (iota (- n 3) 0 n) (iota (- n 3) 0 n)))))
(define (euler12)
  (define (tri n) (quotient (* n (+ n 1)) 2))
  ;;巨大な数の素因数分解をすることになる。しかし、2^4 * 3^4 * 7^3 * 9997^4(500個)という形はありえない。
  ;;約数の数が501個を越える最小の数の素因数分解は、例えば 2^4 * 3^4 * 5^3 * 7^4 (500個)と、
  ;;小さい素因数で構成されているはずだからだ。最小なんだから、小さい素因数を使うに決まってる。
  (define ps (primes 50))
  (let loop ((n 2))
    (if (<= 501 (mul (map (cut + <> 1) (map cadr (factorize (tri n) ps)))))
      (tri n)
      (loop (+ n 1)))))
(define (euler13)
  (take (reverse (integer->list (sum '(37107287533902102798797998220837590246510135740250
                                       46376937677490009712648124896970078050417018260538
                                       74324986199524741059474233309513058123726617309629
                                       91942213363574161572522430563301811072406154908250
                                       23067588207539346171171980310421047513778063246676
                                       89261670696623633820136378418383684178734361726757
                                       28112879812849979408065481931592621691275889832738
                                       44274228917432520321923589422876796487670272189318
                                       47451445736001306439091167216856844588711603153276
                                       70386486105843025439939619828917593665686757934951
                                       62176457141856560629502157223196586755079324193331
                                       64906352462741904929101432445813822663347944758178
                                       92575867718337217661963751590579239728245598838407
                                       58203565325359399008402633568948830189458628227828
                                       80181199384826282014278194139940567587151170094390
                                       35398664372827112653829987240784473053190104293586
                                       86515506006295864861532075273371959191420517255829
                                       71693888707715466499115593487603532921714970056938
                                       54370070576826684624621495650076471787294438377604
                                       53282654108756828443191190634694037855217779295145
                                       36123272525000296071075082563815656710885258350721
                                       45876576172410976447339110607218265236877223636045
                                       17423706905851860660448207621209813287860733969412
                                       81142660418086830619328460811191061556940512689692
                                       51934325451728388641918047049293215058642563049483
                                       62467221648435076201727918039944693004732956340691
                                       15732444386908125794514089057706229429197107928209
                                       55037687525678773091862540744969844508330393682126
                                       18336384825330154686196124348767681297534375946515
                                       80386287592878490201521685554828717201219257766954
                                       78182833757993103614740356856449095527097864797581
                                       16726320100436897842553539920931837441497806860984
                                       48403098129077791799088218795327364475675590848030
                                       87086987551392711854517078544161852424320693150332
                                       59959406895756536782107074926966537676326235447210
                                       69793950679652694742597709739166693763042633987085
                                       41052684708299085211399427365734116182760315001271
                                       65378607361501080857009149939512557028198746004375
                                       35829035317434717326932123578154982629742552737307
                                       94953759765105305946966067683156574377167401875275
                                       88902802571733229619176668713819931811048770190271
                                       25267680276078003013678680992525463401061632866526
                                       36270218540497705585629946580636237993140746255962
                                       24074486908231174977792365466257246923322810917141
                                       91430288197103288597806669760892938638285025333403
                                       34413065578016127815921815005561868836468420090470
                                       23053081172816430487623791969842487255036638784583
                                       11487696932154902810424020138335124462181441773470
                                       63783299490636259666498587618221225225512486764533
                                       67720186971698544312419572409913959008952310058822
                                       95548255300263520781532296796249481641953868218774
                                       76085327132285723110424803456124867697064507995236
                                       37774242535411291684276865538926205024910326572967
                                       23701913275725675285653248258265463092207058596522
                                       29798860272258331913126375147341994889534765745501
                                       18495701454879288984856827726077713721403798879715
                                       38298203783031473527721580348144513491373226651381
                                       34829543829199918180278916522431027392251122869539
                                       40957953066405232632538044100059654939159879593635
                                       29746152185502371307642255121183693803580388584903
                                       41698116222072977186158236678424689157993532961922
                                       62467957194401269043877107275048102390895523597457
                                       23189706772547915061505504953922979530901129967519
                                       86188088225875314529584099251203829009407770775672
                                       11306739708304724483816533873502340845647058077308
                                       82959174767140363198008187129011875491310547126581
                                       97623331044818386269515456334926366572897563400500
                                       42846280183517070527831839425882145521227251250327
                                       55121603546981200581762165212827652751691296897789
                                       32238195734329339946437501907836945765883352399886
                                       75506164965184775180738168837861091527357929701337
                                       62177842752192623401942399639168044983993173312731
                                       32924185707147349566916674687634660915035914677504
                                       99518671430235219628894890102423325116913619626622
                                       73267460800591547471830798392868535206946944540724
                                       76841822524674417161514036427982273348055556214818
                                       97142617910342598647204516893989422179826088076852
                                       87783646182799346313767754307809363333018982642090
                                       10848802521674670883215120185883543223812876952786
                                       71329612474782464538636993009049310363619763878039
                                       62184073572399794223406235393808339651327408011116
                                       66627891981488087797941876876144230030984490851411
                                       60661826293682836764744779239180335110989069790714
                                       85786944089552990653640447425576083659976645795096
                                       66024396409905389607120198219976047599490197230297
                                       64913982680032973156037120041377903785566085089252
                                       16730939319872750275468906903707539413042652315011
                                       94809377245048795150954100921645863754710598436791
                                       78639167021187492431995700641917969777599028300699
                                       15368713711936614952811305876380278410754449733078
                                       40789923115535562561142322423255033685442488917353
                                       44889911501440648020369068063960672322193204149535
                                       41503128880339536053299340368006977710650566631954
                                       81234880673210146739058568557934581403627822703280
                                       82616570773948327592232845941706525094512325230608
                                       22918802058777319719839450180888072429661980811197
                                       77158542502016545090413245809786882778948721859617
                                       72107838435069186155435662884062257473692284509516
                                       20849603980134001723930671666823555245252804609722
                                       53503534226472524250874054075591789781264330331690)))) 10))
(define (euler14)
  (define ht (make-hash-table))
  (define (f ht n l)
    (if (hash-table-exists? ht n)
      (let1 a (+ (hash-table-get ht n) 1)
        (for-each-with-index (lambda (i x)
                               (hash-table-put! ht x (+ a i)))
                             l))
      (f ht
         (if (even? n)
           (quotient n 2)
           (+ (* 3 n) 1))
         (cons n l))))
  (hash-table-put! ht 1 0)
  (for-each (cut f ht <> '()) (iota 1000000 1))
  (hash-table-fold ht (lambda (k v p) (max v p)) 0))
;;重複組み合わせ。
(define (euler15)
  (/ (mul (iota 40 1))
     (* (mul (iota 20 1)) (mul (iota 20 1)))))
(define (euler16)
  (sum (integer->list (expt 2 1000))))
(define (euler17)
  (define v (list->vector (iota 1001)))
  (for-each (lambda (i x)
              (vector-set! v i x))
            (iota 99) '("zero" "one" "two" "three" "four" "five" "six" "seven" "eight" "nine" "ten" "eleven" "twelve" "thirteen" "fourteen" "fifteen" "sixteen" "seventeen" "eighteen" "nineteen" "twenty" 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 "thirty" 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 "forty" 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 "fifty" 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 "sixty" 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 "seventy" 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 "eighty" 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 "ninety" 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99))
  (for-each (lambda (i x)
              (vector-set! v i x))
            '(100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000)
            '("onehundred" "twohundred" "threehundred" "fourhundred" "fivehundred" "sixhundred" "sevenhundred" "eighthundred" "ninehundred" "onethousand"))
  (for-each (lambda (i)
              (let1 n (vector-ref v i)
                (when (number? n)
                  (if (< n 100)
                    (vector-set! v i (string-append (vector-ref v (* 10 (quotient n 10)))
                                                    (vector-ref v (modulo n 10))))
                    (vector-set! v i (string-append (vector-ref v (* 100 (quotient n 100)))
                                                    "and" (vector-ref v (modulo n 100))))))))
            (iota 1001))
  (sum (map (lambda (x)
              (string-length (vector-ref v x)))
            (iota 1000 1))))
(define (euler18)
  (fold-right (lambda (x m)
          (let ((k (map + x m)))
            (if (null? (cdr k))
              (car k)
              (map max k (cdr k)))))
        '(0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0)
        '((75)
          (95 64)
          (17 47 82)
          (18 35 87 10)
          (20 04 82 47 65)
          (19 01 23 75 03 34)
          (88 02 77 73 07 63 67)
          (99 65 04 28 06 16 70 92)
          (41 41 26 56 83 40 80 70 33)
          (41 48 72 33 47 32 37 16 94 29)
          (53 71 44 65 25 43 91 52 97 51 14)
          (70 11 33 28 77 73 17 78 39 68 17 57)
          (91 71 52 38 17 14 91 43 58 50 27 29 48)
          (63 66 04 68 89 53 67 30 73 16 69 87 40 31)
          (04 62 98 27 23 09 70 98 73 93 38 53 60 04 23))))
;; (31 29 31 ...)のストリームから(#t #f30回 #t #f28回 #t #f30回)を作って1weekとなぞらせるくだりは、
;;もちろんループでできるが、このほうがデバッグがやりやすそうだった。
(define (euler19)
  (define 1week (circular-list 'tue 'wed 'thr 'fri 'sat 'sun 'mon))
  (define (1month n) (stream-delay (stream-cons* 31
                                                 (if (zero? (modulo n 4)) 29 28)
                                                 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 (1month (+ n 1)))))
  (count (lambda (day p)
           (and (eq? day 'sun) p))
         1week
         (append-map (lambda (x)
                       (cons #t (make-list (- x 1) #f)))
                     (stream->list (stream-take (1month 1901) (* 12 100))))))
(define (euler20)
  (sum (integer->list (mul (iota 100 1)))))
(define (euler21)
  (define ps (primes 50000))
  (sum (filter (lambda (a) (let ((b (- (sum-of-divisor a ps) a)))
                             (and (not (= a b))
                                  (= a (- (sum-of-divisor b ps) b)))))
               (iota 9999 2))))
(define (euler22)
  (define (score str)
    (sum (map (lambda (c) (- (char->integer c) 64)) (string->list str))))

  (sum (map-with-index (lambda (index str)
                         (* (+ 1 index) (score str)))
                       (sort (map (lambda (str) (substring str 1 (- (string-length str) 1)))(string-split (call-with-input-file "./names.txt" read-line) ",")) string<?))))
(define (euler23)
  (let* ((max-n 28123)
         (ps (primes max-n))
         (abundants (filter (lambda (x) (< (* 2 x) (sum-of-divisor x ps))) (iota max-n 1)))
         (abundants-v (make-vector (+ max-n 1) #f)))
    (for-each (cut vector-set! abundants-v <> #t) abundants)
    (sum (remove (lambda (x)
                   (any (lambda (y)
                          (vector-ref abundants-v (- x y)))
                        (filter (cut > x <>) abundants)))
                 (iota max-n 1)))))
(define (euler24)
  (define c 1)
  (call/cc (lambda (return)
             (permutations-for-each (lambda (x)
                                      (when (= c 1000000) (return x))
                                      (inc! c))
                                    (iota 10)))))
(define (euler25)
  (+ 1 (stream-length (stream-take-while (cut < <> (expt 10 999)) (fibonacci 1 1)))))
(define (euler26)
  (define (recurring-cycle n)
    (define v (make-vector 1000 #f))
    (vector-set! v 1 0)
    (let loop ((p 1)
               (c 0))
      (if (< p n)
        (loop (* p 10) (+ c 1))
        (let ((r (remainder p n)))
          (if (zero? r)
            0
            (if (vector-ref v r)
              (- c (vector-ref v r))
              (begin (vector-set! v r c)
                     (loop (* r 10) (+ c 1)))))))))
  (car (fold (lambda (x m)
               (if (> (cdr x) (cdr m))
                 x
                 m))
             '(0 . 0) (map (lambda (x)
                             (cons x (recurring-cycle x)))
                           (iota 998 2)))))
(define (euler27)
  (define v (make-vector 1000000 #f))
  (define ps1000 (primes 1000))
  (for-each (lambda (x) (vector-set! v x #t)) (primes 1000000))
  ((lambda (x)
     (* (car x) (cadr x)))
   (fold (lambda (x m)
           (if (> (caddr x) (caddr m))
             x
             m))
         '(0 0 0)
         (append-map (lambda (a)
                       (map (lambda (b)
                              (list a b (length (take-while (lambda (n)
                                                              (let ((y (+ (expt n 2) (* a n) b)))
                                                                (and (positive? y) (vector-ref v y))))
                                                            (iota b)))))
                            ps1000))
                     (iota 1000 -999 2)))))
(define (euler28)
  (+ 1 (sum (append-map (lambda (n)
                          (map (lambda (x) 
                                 (- (expt n 2) (* x (- n 1))))
                               (iota 4)))
                        (iota 500 3 2)))))
(define (euler29)
  (length (delete-duplicates (append-map (lambda (a)
                                           (map (lambda (b)
                                                  (expt a b))
                                                (iota 99 2)))
                                         (iota 99 2)))))
(define (euler30)
  (sum (filter-map (lambda (x)
                     (and (= x (sum (map (cut expt <> 5) (integer->list x)))) x))
                   (iota 999998 2))))
(define (euler31)
  (define count 0)
  (let loop ((n 200)
             (l '(200 100 50 20 10 5 2 1)))
    (if (null? (cdr l))
      (inc! count)
      (for-each (lambda (x)
                  (loop (- n (* x (car l))) (cdr l)))
                (iota (+ 1 (quotient n (car l)))))))
  count)

Tags: util.stream, math.mt-random, util.combinations, gauche.sequence

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