aka:Amazon EC2:セキュリティ整備
- SSHの基本的な整備
- 参考資料
- 基本作業
- rootにパスワードを設定する。
- ubuntuなのにrootいるの？
$ ssh -i aka.pem ubuntu@ec2-xxx-xx-xxx-xxx.compute-1.amazonaws.com Welcome to Ubuntu 11.10 (GNU/Linux 3.0.0-16-virtual x86_64) [snip] ubuntu@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$ cat /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/bin/sh sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/bin/sh man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/bin/sh lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/bin/sh mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/bin/sh news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/bin/sh uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/bin/sh proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/bin/sh www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/bin/sh backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/bin/sh list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/bin/sh irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/bin/sh gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/bin/sh nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/bin/sh libuuid:x:100:101::/var/lib/libuuid:/bin/sh syslog:x:101:103::/home/syslog:/bin/false messagebus:x:102:105::/var/run/dbus:/bin/false sshd:x:103:65534::/var/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin landscape:x:104:109::/var/lib/landscape:/bin/false ubuntu:x:1000:1000:Ubuntu:/home/ubuntu:/bin/bash ubuntu@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$
- いる。。。パスワードを設定。
ubuntu@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$ sudo su - root@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~# passwd Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully root@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$
- ubuntuなのにrootいるの？
- ユーザ作成。
root@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~# adduser aka Adding user `aka' ... Adding new group `aka' (1001) ... Adding new user `aka' (1001) with group `aka' ... Creating home directory `/home/aka' ... Copying files from `/etc/skel' ... Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully Changing the user information for aka Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default Full Name []: Room Number []: Work Phone []: Home Phone []: Other []: Is the information correct? [Y/n] Y root@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~# - そのユーザをsudoerに。
ubuntu@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$ sudo visudo
追記事項。aka ALL=(ALL) ALL
- 公開鍵を登録
- 移送
$ scp -i aka.pem ~/.ssh/ssh-userkey-personel.bastion-xxxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx.pub ubuntu@ec2-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx.compute-1.amazonaws.com:/home/ubuntu/
- 登録
ubuntu@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$ ls ssh-userkey-personel.bastion-xxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx.pub ubuntu@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$ su aka Password: aka@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:/home/ubuntu$ cd /home/aka aka@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$ mkdir .ssh aka@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$ chmod 700 .ssh aka@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$ sudo mv /home/ubuntu/ssh-userkey-personel.bastion-xxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx.pub .ssh/ [sudo] password for aka: aka@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$ cd .ssh aka@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~/.ssh$ sudo chown aka:aka ssh-userkey-personel.bastion-xxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx.pub aka@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~/.ssh$ chmod 600 ssh-userkey-personel.bastion-xxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx.pub aka@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~/.ssh$ cp ssh-userkey-personel.bastion-xxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx.pub authorized_keys aka@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~/.ssh$ ls -l total 8 -rw------- 1 aka aka 775 2012-04-01 20:40 authorized_keys -rw------- 1 aka aka 775 2012-04-01 20:35 ssh-userkey-personel.bastion-xxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx.pub aka@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~/.ssh$
- 接続テスト
$ ssh aka@ec2-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx.compute-1.amazonaws.com Identity added: /Users/yfuna/.ssh/ssh-userkey-personel.bastion-xxxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxx (/Users/aka/.ssh/ssh-userkey-personel.bastion-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx) Welcome to Ubuntu 11.10 (GNU/Linux 3.0.0-16-virtual x86_64) [snip] aka@ip-xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx:~$
- 移送
- 残件
- SSHの設定のチューンナップ
- ubuntuユーザをどうすべきか。
- SSHログインできなくすべき？
- ユーザとして消去すべき？
- rootにパスワードを設定する。